Ephesians 4:8
Therefore it says,
"When he ascended on high he led a host of captives, and he gave gifts to men (and women)."
Paul is drawing from Psalm 68 and making application according to divine guidance. This isn’t a contradiction or error; it’s a Spirit-inspired interpretive application. And it can be seen in this way because it doesn't make God out to be someone He is not, or falsely portray His character. This is a classic example of how the New Testament authors, under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, engage with the Old Testament.
So, does this mean that most or all interpretations are Spirit-led?
A great example of misapplied interpretations can be seen in the passages from the gospel that dealt with the temptation of Jesus in the wilderness.
In the temptation accounts (Matthew 4:1–11 and Luke 4:1–13), Satan quotes God’s Word directly to Jesus, specifically pulling from Psalm 91:11–12 during the second temptation:
"If you are the Son of God, throw yourself down from here, for it is written, 'He will command his angels concerning you,' and 'On their hands they will bear you up, lest you strike your foot against a stone.'"
On the surface, it’s accurate wording from the psalm. So, where is the lie? How did Satan make misapplication of the Word?
The key distinction isn’t whether someone quotes or interprets Scripture accurately on the surface; it’s the hearts motive, the contextual faithfulness, and the alignment with God’s revealed will and character that makes it Spirit-led or not.
Spirit-led interpretation seeks to glorify God, build up His people, reveal truth in Christ, and promote obedience and faith. Misapplied interpretation (even with verbatim quotes) twists the text to serve the self, to promote rebellion, presumption, and ultimately destruction of that very Word.
Where was the twist?
What Satan said (Matthew 4:6):
�"for it is written, 'He will command his angels concerning you,' and 'On their hands they will bear you up, lest you strike your foot against a stone.'"
The actual text (Psalm 91:11–12, ESV):
�"For he will command his angels concerning you to guard you in all your ways. On their hands they will bear you up, lest you strike your foot against a stone."
Can you see the twist?
Satan deliberately left out "to guard you in all your ways" ("in all your paths" ).
What Satan did was to strip the whole purpose of the promise from the psalm. This phrase, "to guard you in all your ways", from witjin the full context of the psalm, ties the promise of angelic protection to a life of faithful, obedient trust in God. A life of dwelling in His shelter. A life of making Him your refuge, of loving Him and knowing His name. The protection is for those who walk in this covenant faithfulness, not for those who presume upon God by manufacturing danger to force His intervention. By stripping this out, Satan turns a conditional promise of protection into an unconditional blank check for reckless behavior. He presents it as a magical guarantee that applies even when deliberately testing God. This is the very definition of putting God to the test. Which is why Jesus rightly quotes Deuteronomy 6:16:
"You shall not put the Lord your God to the test"
It’s about faith vs. presumption. Jumping would have been an act of doubt masked as faith. Demanding God perform on command rather than submitting to the Father’s will.
It's ironic that Satan chose to use that psalm for his game. Psalm 91 isn’t just about passive safety; it’s about the Lord triumphing over evil. And literally speaks about defeating evil as typically expressed in avatars for Satan:
"You will tread on the lion and the adder; the young lion and the serpent you will trample underfoot"
This is why discernment, prayer, humility, and studying Scripture in its full context (literary, historical, canonical) matter so much. The same verse can build up faith when used rightly or become a snare when twisted by false or misplaced motives.
Bottom line, not every interpretation, even one that sounds biblical or uses exact words, is Spirit-led. When Satan tempts Jesus with the safe part of the psalm (angelic rescue from harm), he’s unwittingly directing Jesus’ mind (and ours) to the triumphant climax of the Messiah. Jesus, fully aware of the Scriptures, doesn’t need to jump to prove anything. He knows who He is. The irony peaks at Calvary. On the surface, Satan’s apparent win seals the deal. Sealing his defeat, and fulfilling the trampling promised in Psalm 91:13 and Genesis 3:15.
This extends to believers as well, in union with Christ, by the power of The Holy Spirit, we share in that victory. God's Spirit gifts us with wisdom and discernment to rightly divide the Scriptures, so that we handle Scripture faithfully rather than twisting it like the enemy.
Jesus Himself declares to His followers:
Luke 10:19
"Behold, I have given you authority to tread on serpents and scorpions, and over all the power of the enemy, and nothing shall hurt you"
It’s a stunning reversal; the enemy’s best shot becomes a billboard for God’s unstoppable plan. The ascended Victor doesn’t just conquer; He equips His body to share in the spoils and the ongoing trampling of evil.
Thanks be to God!
Amen.