2 Corinthians 7:1
"Since we have these promises, beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from every defilement of body [flesh] and spirit, bringing holiness to completion in the fear of God."
In the original Greek text, the phrase translated as "defilement of body [flesh, sarkos] and spirit" Paul is using a form of the word "sarx" (flesh) with rich and often loaded connotations. Literally means "flesh" as the soft tissue of the body, or the physical body itself. But also carries a qualitative or ethical dimension, referring to human nature in its weakness. It can denote the sphere of life dominated by sinful desires, self-reliance, or worldly impulses. sarx highlights the external, visible, and often sensual aspects of human existence that are vulnerable to the implications of defilement.
By contrast, "defilement of spirit (pneumatos)" refers to the inward defilements; sins of the heart, mind, and our attitudes. Pride, bitterness, envy, unbelief, impure thoughts, or spiritual compromise such as tolerance for idolatry.
Together, sarx and pneuma form a merism (a figure of speech using opposites to express totality). In this way Paul is trying to help the believers to grasp the totality of the truth about the whole person. He's trying to help us appreciate that no part of our being is exempt from the dangers of sin.
Why is this important?
Immediately before this verse (2 Corinthians 6:14–18), Paul urges separation from unbelievers and idolatry, quoting the Old Testament promises of God’s indwelling presence.
Why is that important?
Because the Corinthians, much like us today, were tempted to compromise with pagan culture. Using sarx underscores that such compromises aren’t just "spiritual" issues; they defile us at the most tangible, human level. Tolerance of idolatry is not just a spiritual matter, but will become an issue even in our flesh and bones.
Paul invites us to examine not just our overt sins but the deeper inclinations that fuel them. Paul is saying; every square inch of you, outer and inner, seen and unseen, actions and affections, must be cleansed.
As one commentator (John Gill) puts it:
"Filthiness of the flesh" is external pollution by outward actions…while "of the spirit" includes impure desires and polluting imaginations.
Thankfully God redeems both our bodies and our spirits. God redeems our inner realm of thoughts, motives, desires, and attitudes.
It's a tough job sometimes for Him because entertaining idolatry or worldly alliances is not merely a "spiritual" misstep kept neatly in the mind or heart. It inevitably works its way into the flesh. Habits are formed, appetites fed, compromises embodied. It doesn’t stay politely in the realm of ideas or private thoughts. Like a slow leak, it seeps downward and outward until it saturates the whole person. And especially tolerance of idolatry (having other gods before God) is never contained; it seeps into your very bones. It becomes a ritualistic experience. It becomes a superstition. It becomes your charm or source of blessings.
The Corinthians were flirting with pagan practices; not outright abandoning Christ, but maintaining dual allegiances. They thought they could attend idol feasts, honor temple gods for "luck" or social advantage, and still worship Jesus on Sunday. Today people will wield their relationship with these idols like talismans.
This is why Scripture repeatedly warns that idolatry is spiritual adultery. It’s not just wrong belief, it’s a betrayal of love. And like any betrayal tolerated over time, it reshapes us from the inside out.
Today we're not so different. The smartphone has become our oracle and comforter. Success is viewed as proof of God’s favor. Political ideologies have become our ultimate hope. And our relationships with others has become our identity. All these things become rivals for God's throne. The fancy word for that is "sovereignty".
Fear of God:
To say God is sovereign is to say He alone rules unchallenged. He alone deserves our ultimate trust, fear, love, delight, and obedience. And anything that competes for those responses is, by definition, an idol.
In Scripture, the "fear of the Lord" is never mere terror or dread (though for those who reject Him, it rightly includes that). When we truly fear God, every rival loses its grip. Fearing God is being in sync with God. This is why the Bible so often links the fear of God with the expulsion of idols.
Proverbs 8:13
"The fear of the Lord is hatred of evil. Pride and arrogance and the way of evil and perverted speech I hate."
In 2 Corinthians 7:1, Paul concludes his call to separation and cleansing with the words "in the fear of God." That phrase is not an afterthought; it is the engine. The fear of God is what empowers us to say "no" to every defilement of flesh and spirit.
When we fear Him rightly, idols are exposed for what they are. They're a sign of our weakness. And ironically they're unable to bear the weight we place on them, they're frail, lifeless crutches, but nonetheless so many people lean hard into these dead things.
People create them or crown them because, in their fallenness, they desperately want something tangible to trust, something they can manage, something that doesn’t demand their full surrender.
Meanwhile, the reverent awe of God (the fear of God) doesn’t paralyze us; it propels us toward holiness. It gives us the courage to say "no" to compromise, the clarity to see idols for the counterfeits they are. When we fear Him rightly, we no longer need to prop ourselves up with dead things. We are instead held by His living hands.
The irony is profound; the more we fear the living God, the less we fear anything else. And the less we fear anything else, the freer we become from every idol.
Today beloveds, may we pray, as the psalmist did:
Psalm 86:11
"Unite my heart to fear Your name."
One heart. One fear. One Lord.
Father, unite our divided hearts to fear Your name alone. Teach us to hate what You hate and love what You love. Expose every dead thing we’ve leaned on, and let us fall fully into Your everlasting arms. In the fear of You, make us bold, make us free, make us whole. For Jesus’ sake, and in His holy name we pray, Amen.