The Gentile Revelation to the Outcast: "I who speak to you am He" (John 4:26)
In the Samaritan woman’s encounter with Jesus at Jacobs well, Jesus unveils to her His Messianic-divine identity:
Egō eimi ho lalōn soi – "I who speak to you am [He]."
This echoes the absolute "I AM" seen elsewhere in John’s Gospel, not merely identifying himself as the expected Messiah but claiming His divine self-existence.
Thomas Aquinas, in refuting errors like Arianism (which denied Jesus Christ’s full divinity) and Adoptionism (which saw Him as merely an exalted man), appeals to similar sacred texts showing Christ’s consubstantiality with the Father, His role in eternal life, and the necessity of faith in His divine identity for salvation. In his work Summa contra Gentiles (SCG) Book 4, he defends the divinity of Christ against the objections of non-believers.
He argues Jesus Christ speaks as God incarnate. Through similar gospel declarations (John 14:9–10: "I am in the Father and the Father in Me" ). If merely seeing Jesus Christ reveals the Father, how much more does His "I AM" spoken to this Gentile-like Samaritan woman proclaim His universal lordship?
For Aquinas and those who appreciate his work, reason and revelation show Jesus Christ as true God, drawing in even the outsiders (Gentiles) to worship Him as such, and prefiguring in Him the hope in the "root of Jesse" (Romans 15:12).
Aquinas cites John 17:3 explicitly in SCG 4.3–5 to prove Christ’s divinity:
"This is eternal life: that they may know You, the only true God, and Jesus Christ whom You have sent"
Eternal life. The ultimate end of human beatitude (SCG Book 3), consists in knowing God. And Jesus explicitly states that knowing him is knowing the Father. As Aquinas argues, if eternal life is knowing the "only true God," and Scripture calls the Son "true God and eternal life" (1 John 5:20), then rejecting Christ’s divinity severs us from that eternal beatitude. This knowledge is not mere intellectual assent but transformative union, granted by grace to believers (Gentiles included), fulfilling providence’s order (SCG 3–4).
As I've made the case often, in my other commentaries, this whole thread of eternity and revelation has to do with knowledge, knowing God, and the spiritual information war.
At Jacob’s well, under the midday sun, an unlikely encounter unfolds. A Samaritan woman, three times marginalized as a woman, a Samaritan, and a known sinner, comes to draw water. Jesus, a Jewish rabbi, initiates a conversation (information), shattering cultural barriers (information war). After speaking of living water, true worship "in spirit and truth," and gently exposing her past, He brings the dialogue to its climactic revelation:
"I who speak to you am He" (John 4:26).
This is no mere Messianic identification. When Jesus uses the absolute form without predicate elsewhere ("I am the bread of life," "I am the light of the world," "Before Abraham was, I am" ), the Jews seek to stone Him for blasphemy. They absolutely understand him to mean that he is claiming equality with God. And to a Samaritan outcast, He speaks yet another unmistakable "I Am". The One speaking to her is none other than the eternal God now present in flesh.
Aquinas argues that this mutual indwelling (circumincessio) proves consubstantiality; one divine essence in Father and Son. Therefore, the revelation at the well is not simply a prophet identifying himself as Messiah; it is God incarnate disclosing His identity to one whom Jewish piety deemed unclean and outside of a cultural or covenantal hope.
This Gentile-like outcast becomes the first person in John’s Gospel to whom Jesus explicitly reveals His identity. She becomes an evangelist, and many Samaritans believe because of her testimony, and then more profoundly because of His own words (John 4:41–42). Grace breaks through ethnic enmity, moral failure, and religious division. The outcast meets the I AM, and in that meeting she is drawn into the life of God. Thus the prophecy begins to unfold that Aquinas highlights:
"There shall be a root of Jesse…in Him shall the Gentiles hope."
Aquinas ties this hope directly to eternal life in SCG 4.3–5, citing John 17:3:
"This is eternal life, that they may know You, the only true God, and Jesus Christ whom You have sent."
Here we touch the heart of the spiritual information war. The battle is over who God truly is and how He is known. The world offers counterfeit gods, diluted christs, other gospels, and self-generated spirituality. But at Jacob’s well, the true God reveals Himself in humility to the least likely recipient, speaking His divine Name into human history.
This is the scandal and the glory of the Gospel. The eternal God, the great "I AM", has come in search of outcasts, Samaritans, Gentiles, sinners, and speaks directly to each of them and us today and every day with the same voice:
"I who speak to you am He"
To believe this is eternal life.
To reject it is to remain in darkness.
At the heart of all human history lies a fierce battle...not of swords or nations, but of truth and deception, of revelation and concealment. There is a relentless conflict over who God truly is, how He is known, and whether we will receive or reject the knowledge that leads to eternal life.
Aquinas, in his Summa contra Gentiles, engaged in this battle. He fought intelligently on an intellectual front. Written for missionaries engaging Muslims, Jews, and pagans; the entire work is an apologetic arsenal defending the true knowledge of God. First through reason (Books 1–3), then through revelation (Book 4). But beneath all the philosophical arguments lies a deeper revelation; the war is not merely academic. It is existential. To know God rightly is life; to know Him falsely, or not at all, is death. Eternal life is not merely an endless existence. It is knowledge, information, personal, creative, transformative, beautiful knowledge of the One True God.
Aquinas underscores this in SCG Book 3, where man’s ultimate beatitude is the vision of God’s essence. And In Book 4, he shows that this vision is mediated through Christ alone. Therefore, any distortion of Christ’s identity; any denial of His divinity, any reduction of Him to a mere prophet, teacher, or some demigod-like exalted creature, severs the soul from eternal life.
This is why the revelation at Jacob’s well (John 4:26) is so profound in this spiritual warfare for our minds. Jesus does not proclaim His identity first to the religious elites in Jerusalem, but to a Samaritan woman; despised, immoral, and theologically confused like so many today. The true information, the revelation of God’s identity that brings eternal life, is delivered personally, graciously, shockingly, and immediately.
This mere woman becomes a bearer of that truth. And here begins the dynamic of the spiritual information war in action. The enemies strategy is obscurity, division, false worship, half-truths, and confusion. His war plan works in and through religious systems, cultural prejudices, and personal shame. All conspiring to keep people from the true knowledge of God.
God counteroffensive, direct, personal revelation [information] through the Word made flesh. Jesus initiates, speaks, and unveils. This isn't like the pagan practices; not through ritualistic blood sacrifices, no mumbo-jumbo mental gymnastics, no superficial emotional manipulation or trappings. He gives "living water (John 4:10), the Holy Spirit who leads into all truth (John 16:13) through the inspiration of the gospel. Spirit-given faith ("I believed, therefore I have spoken", Psalm 116:10).
The human response?
Faith or unbelief.
To receive His word is to pass from death to life. To reject Him is to "die in your sins" (John 8:24). That is the "unforgivable sin". Not some isolated spoken blasphemy (remember when it was a viral internet fad), but a persistent hardness against the Spirit’s conviction. To scorn the revelation that brings life is self-condemnation, sealing one under God's wrath. In Aquinas terms (SCG 4.52–54), only God forgives sins; Christ does, demanding faith in His deity. Unbelief leaves guilt unremitted; eternal death.
Today’s battlefield?
Digital echo chambers, identity politics, therapeutic deism, all part of the information war and the enemies fog of war. But through it all Christ still speaks at our wells:
"I who speak to you am He."
The Spirit equips. In this war, knowledge of the I AM is life, grace-given, truth-saturated, world-conquering knowledge. The enemy rages on, but the Word prevails. Believers, wield the truth. Share as the Samaritans did and daily confess:
"We know that this is indeed the Savior of the world" (John 4:42).
Egō eimi.
Yes, and He is enough.
Eternal I AM,
You who spoke to the Samaritan woman at the well and unveiled Your divine identity in grace and truth, speak now to us.
Break through the obscurity, division, and shame that the enemy uses to blind our minds. Pour out Your living water, the Holy Spirit, to lead us into all truth. Grant us faith to believe that You are He, the Sent One, the true God and eternal life.
Forgive our unbelief, deliver us from dying in our sins, and draw us, outcasts though we are, into the beautiful knowledge of You, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.
May we, like that woman, leave our empty jars and run to proclaim: "Come, see the Christ!"
All glory be to You, now and forever. Amen.