The Doors Of Hell Are Locked On The Inside
Matthew 10:28
"Do not fear those who kill the body but cannot kill the soul. Rather fear him who can destroy both soul and body in hell [Gehenna]."
I've recently seen online this debate about "annihilationism". This debate has been gaining momentum largely because actor/evangelist Kirk Cameron publicly shifted away from ECT, calling endless torment "cruel and unusual punishment" that doesn’t fit God’s character. He argued immortality is a gift only for the redeemed.
Apparently many Christians agree and wholeheartedly affirm eternal life in heaven as a gift of God’s grace, but struggle deeply with the idea that God would sustain unbelieving people in existence forever just to subject them to an unending conscious suffering in hell. "Eternal conscious torment" (ECT) is seen by many as disproportionate justice. For many this idea about eternal punishment in hell portrays God as a "sadistic torturer" rather than a perfectly loving, merciful, and just Father.
If I'm being honest, I've never done a deep dive on this subject. And that in itself is reason enough for me to be excited about finding some new bit of revelation (new to me).
I've always just figured it’s necessary for justice (sins against an infinite God deserve infinite penalty), that unbelievers will suffer eternal suffering, at least until hell itself is thrown into the lake of fire. Typically I'd point to texts like Revelation 14:10-11 ("torment...forever and ever" ) or the rich man in Luke 16 who is in agony. And I'd settle it in my mind by telling myself God’s ways transcend human intuitions of fairness.
I'd simply agree that hell is real, and a fearful judgment to avoid through faith in Christ.
But for some, there's anxiety over loved ones suffering forever, or seeing it as a barrier to evangelism. And so, they find themselves leaning toward conditional immortality.
As for me, I'd say I've understood these things from an immortality of the soul point of view. Which means to me, every human soul is inherently indestructible and survives death forever, regardless of their moral status. Life and death are opposites, like sleep and waking; and therefore our souls cycle between these states. Our souls are simple (indivisible), so they cannot be destroyed. And yet at the same time I hold onto Hope (in Christ) centered on a bodily resurrection at the end of days. Spiritual body. God grants eternal life to the righteous in His heavenly kingdom. But I don't see this as an annihilation of the immortal soul in otherwise scenarios.
I suppose it comes down to how we define or give weight to certain situations, circumstances, and words. For instance, ECT defenders might say "destroy" means ruin/loss of well-being, not cessation (loss of existence). And "eternal punishment" (Matthew 25:46) means an irreversible consequence, that exists parallel to eternal life in heaven. And frankly, even as I'm writing this I'm leaning on this traditional view. I keep on seeing the wicked rich man in hell calling out to Lazarus who is with Abraham in paradise. It's like these two realities exist, almost side by side. Separated, as Abraham says, by a great expanse (divide).
And yet some will say the language of destruction and perishing (Matthew 10:28, John 3:16, 2 Thessalonians 1:9’s "eternal destruction" ), points in the direction of annihilation. And again it comes down to what "destroy" means in this context. These folks will say that this Biblical fire primarily destroys body and soul rather than preserves them in torment. They'll say that the unsaved are resurrected for judgment, face proportionate punishment, then are destroyed, ceasing to exist.
So again it's a vocabulary question.
Annihilationists emphasize words like "destroy" (Matthew 10:28) and "perish" meaning cessation. And critics argue these mean ruin, loss of well-being, or exclusion from God, "shut out from the presence of the Lord" (2 Thessalonians 1:9).
"They will be punished with everlasting destruction and shut out from the presence of the Lord and from the glory of his might."
To me it's pretty straight forward, this implies ongoing existence. Biblical fire, primarily torments consciously, not just consumes. The smoke of the Biblical fire should stop once the destruction completes, but Scripture says it rises forever (Revelation 14:10-11).
"...the smoke of their torment goes up forever and ever, and they have no rest, day or night..."
By the way, there's no reason to think the lost repent post-judgment. Sins against an infinite God carry infinite weight. And this is important to note because even "finite sins" carry infinite judgment. And if annihilation is the end result, why eternal non-existence for finite sins?
At the end of the day, I've got to take God (Jesus) at his word. Our views must follow Scripture, not our comfort.
Matthew 25:46
"Then they will go away to eternal punishment, but the righteous to eternal life."
As I see it, Jesus parallels "eternal life" (endless for believers) with "eternal punishment" (must be endless in duration, not just in effect).
"Eternal" (aionios) refers to the unending age to come, past, present, and future. Life operating simultaneously outside of time, inside of time, and beyond time. And this is how we can say believers live in "eternal life" right now, experiencing this quality of God's life now as a present possession. So, likewise, unbelievers are living hell right now. And Jesus addresses this when he says, "they have received their reward".
Jesus said:
John 5:24
"Whoever hears my word and believes him who sent me has eternal life and will not be judged but has crossed over from death to life."
It’s not just future hope; it’s a foretaste.
And Jesus also said:
"Truly I tell you, they have received their reward in full" (read Matthew 6:2, 5-16).
Some will point to this and say, this highlights "this-age-only" focus for the self-righteous, echoes how eternal life transcends this age’s fleeting rewards. For them this qualitative emphasis strengthens conditional immortality. The gift is God’s unending life-quality; without it, the outcome is perishing. But I don't see how this punishment (reward) here-and-now negates everything else Jesus said about hell.
Jesus and the apostles tell us that unbelievers experience a foretaste of separation (spiritual death, Ephesians 2:1) and fleeting rewards (Matthew 6:2,5,16 hypocrites get praise now, but that’s it). And Jesus contrasts this-age rewards with transcendent eternal life.
For me, none of this negates future hell; it instead heightens the urgency. The "reward in full" warns that pursuing earthly acclaim forfeits heavenly treasure, but final judgment (including hell) awaits (Matthew 25).
My conclusion?
Hell is endless regret.
Both sides affirm hell’s reality and the need for Christ, but the differences are in the details.
Solution:
Let scripture shape your view.
As C.S. Lewis said:
"Hell has the full support of Scripture and, specially, of Our Lord’s own words; it has always been held by Christendom, and it has the support of reason."
Lewis describes the eternally damned as "successful rebels". They "enjoy forever the horrible freedom they have demanded". The doors of hell are "locked on the inside". Not by God as a punitive torturer, but by the individual’s own ongoing choice to reject Him.
Suffering is self-inflicted, with God merely sustaining existence out of respect for autonomy. The gravity of rejecting an eternal God warrants eternal consequences.
I've always said, and I truly mean it because my faith "informs me", not "inflicts me", that if God judges me and I'm in eternal darkness, apart from Him forever; it'll be because of my own error and rebellious spirit. It'll be because of His righteousness that I will never truly know Him, because He doesn't know me. It's a judgement already deserved. That's true of everyone. No one is sent to hell against their deepest will; the lost prefer their darkness (John 3:19). God isn’t a "sadistic torturer" sustaining people solely for eternal pain, but The One who reluctantly says to the defiant, "Have it your way...forever."
And so I do understand, and I do know and desire God, and as C.S. Lewis said:
"the destruction of one thing means the emergence of something else."
Dying to myself today, through faith in Jesus Christ and His resurrection, yields the eternal reward I want. It's a responsive choice, not a reaction.
Avoiding eternal suffering in hell involves more than seeking the path to heaven, it involves saying "Thy will be done" here and now.
Galatians 2:20
"I have been crucified with Christ and I no longer live, but Christ lives in me."
It’s not annihilation of the true self, but the destruction of the false, rebellious self so that something gloriously new emerges. The real you, the person God intended from eternity, alive in Him. Not running from hell, but a loving response. Not clutching the shadows and shrinking into one's own will. That's for the hell-born.
Closing Prayer:
Heavenly Father,
Thank You for Your boundless love revealed in Jesus Christ, who died and rose that we might live in You forever.
Help us daily to die to self and say with full hearts, "Thy will be done."
Draw us closer to You, fill us with Your Spirit, and let our lives reflect the eternal life we already possess in Christ.
Protect us from rebellion, and lead us into the joy of Your presence, now and always.
In Jesus’ Holy and precious name,
Amen.