Doubt’s Divine Dialectic: Forging Faith in the Fires of AI Deception and Scriptural Sovereignty
Acts 12:1-5
"About that time Herod the king (Herod Agrippa I) laid violent hands on some who belonged to the church. He killed James the brother of John with the sword, and when he saw that it pleased the Jews, he proceeded to arrest Peter also. This was during the days of Unleavened Bread. And when he had seized him, he put him in prison, delivering him over to four squads of soldiers to guard him, intending after the Passover to bring him out to the people. So Peter was kept in prison, but earnest prayer for him was made to God by the church."
Tensions are escalating. Now we see the more organized persecution of "the church". During this time there's also a prophecy of a world-wide famine. Peter is imprisoned under heavy security. The apostle James (son of Zebedee, brother of John), is murdered, (the first apostle martyred, aside from Judas’s suicide). And James execution symbolizes for the early church the cost of discipleship and fulfills Jesus’ prophecy in Mark 10:39 about James and John drinking his "cup."
Meanwhile, Agrippa as a ruler is suppressing perceived threats to maintain popularity among Jews. These events, ranging from natural disasters foretold by prophecy to state-sponsored violence, illustrate a pivotal moment where the church shifts from internal growth and outreach (like the Gentile inclusion in Antioch) to confronting external threats on multiple fronts. And even today we can see parallels. In this context, targeting Christians could have been a calculated move to suppress a growing sect perceived as divisive: they challenged traditional Jewish boundaries by welcoming Gentiles and proclaiming a crucified Messiah, potentially stirring unrest during volatile times like the famine.
These concurrent crises highlight the early church’s resilience. Amid famine, they respond with generous aid (Acts 11:29); amid persecution, with fervent prayer (Acts 12:5), leading to divine intervention. But I find this intercessory prayer interesting. Let's take a look at what happened when Peter was arrested and while "the church" was still praying for him.
This passage kicks off one of the most dramatic miracle stories in the New Testament:
Acts 12:6-7
"Now when Herod was about to bring him out, on that very night, Peter was sleeping between two soldiers, bound with two chains, and sentries before the door were guarding the prison. And behold, an angel of the Lord stood next to him, and a light shone in the cell. He struck Peter on the side and woke him, saying, "Get up quickly." And the chains fell off his hands."
The story unfolds the night before Herod planned to parade Peter before the people for trial (and probable death, following James’s execution). This incident builds directly on the church’s "earnest prayer" mentioned in Acts 12:5, portraying a vivid contrast between human oppression and divine rescue. But was this rescue due to the earnest prayers of the church, or was it simply God's will and intervention?
The angel appears in light, kicks Peter awake, and tells him to gird his robes, put his sandals on, and get up. They supernaturally pass the guards unnoticed (as if in a trance); and the iron gate to the city opens on its own. Peter initially thinks it’s a vision but realizes it’s real once outside. He heads to the house of Mary (mother of John Mark, the author of the gospel of Mark), where the church is gathered in prayer. A servant girl named Rhoda, hears his knock at the door, but she is so shocked she leaves him at the gate while announcing his arrival to the others.
Now, this is where it gets interesting to me.
Acts 12:15-16
"They said to her, "You are out of your mind." But she kept insisting that it was so, and they kept saying, "It is his angel!" But Peter continued knocking, and when they opened, they saw him and were amazed."
While the church community prays intensely for Peter’s release amid Herod Agrippa’s persecution, their reaction to the answered prayer reveals a mix of skepticism, superstition, and eventual astonishment. So, was this a prayer of faith? Can we say that it was an example of fervent prayer effecting a miraculous event? We see here "earnest prayer," from the Greek ektenēs, which implies fervent, outstretched supplication, is colliding with their incredulity at its fulfillment. Were they truly praying in belief, or was it more rote or resigned?
I think I'd answer these questions in a nuanced manner. Mainly I'd say yes they were praying in faith as I see it. Their persistence in prayer demonstrates their trust in God, marked by human limitations and realistic expectations shaped by recent traumas like James’s execution, even if their surprise reveals they weren’t fully anticipating such a dramatic answer. They were praying in faith like everyone who prays in faith does. And their prayer effort aligns with Jesus’ teachings on persistent prayer as an act of faith (the parable of the persistent widow in Luke 18:1-8, urging believers to pray without losing heart). The following miracle suggests that God affirmed their prayers, God honored their intercession, as a divine intervention often follows communal prayer in the book of Acts. Their doubt and skepticism don’t invalidate their faith; rather, it humanizes the believers, showing their faith as a process amid uncertainty. And if you look at Peter's initial reaction to the escape, his interpretation (thinking it was a vision) also mirrors their skepticism.
Here's the lesson, theologically, faith in prayer isn’t about unwavering certainty of a specific outcome but about dependence on God’s sovereignty. James wasn’t spared (Acts 12:2), yet the church prayed on, submitting to the divine will. This underscores for us that prayer isn’t a vending machine for outcomes but a relational posture of perseverance and trust. Their all-night vigil reflects genuine dependence on God, even as recent events like James’s martyrdom tempered their expectations. It’s a reminder that faith often coexists with questions. It reveals for us that doubt is a dynamic aspect of faith.
Food for thought:
Why does it seem as if life is now more difficult for me now that I have put my trust and full faith in Jesus Christ?
Grappling with uncertainty can strengthen conviction. And faith can encompass anguish without fracturing it. Faith is an all-encompassing commitment of your total personality, your intellect, your will, and your emotions. Within this framework, doubt emerges not as faith’s enemy but as its vital, dynamic counterpart, injecting risk, courage, and self-criticism to prevent stagnation and idolatry. Simply put, doubt keeps faith real. Genuine faith inherently includes doubt, making it a living process rather than a static possession.
There is an inherent tension between connection and separation in the relationship of faith, stemming from humanity’s finitude and estrangement. Participation in a prayer of faith produces certainty even amid the skepticism. The reality of our separation follows the doubt in faith. Each is essential in the fabric of faith. Without doubt stepping out in faith, faith risks becoming idolatrous, elevating a finite object (like a creed, statue, church, nation, earth, or the universe), to an ultimate divine authority, devoid of self-questioning. Our doubts are the consequences of the risks we take when we step-out in faith.
For instance, orthodox believers can doubt historical details without undermining their faith. Although an attitude rejecting all certainty, (due to cynicism and despair), hinders a centered life, it's potentially liberating, awakening people from naive, superstitious beliefs. It’s not about doubting the propositions of faith but reflects the insecurity of a finite being grasping at understanding infinite realties. There's just so much you can know and understand. You're finite, limited by your humanity. You shouldn't think that you should understand everything possible to understand. You're not God. But you should be courageous in your faith. Your faith is a courageous act even when you have doubts.
Repressing our doubts leads to fanaticism and pharisaism, where our apparent outward firmness masks our inner insecurity, (white-washed tombs). Instead, genuine faith embraces it, leans into our faith, and turns the worry over to God's will and sovereignty. Our doubts are an ongoing criticism of all religious symbols and systems in order to avoid absolutizing the finitudes of our religious traditions. Faith becomes creative and transformative through our doubts which prompts self-examination, preventing static surrender to human authorities, (infallible creeds, councils, synods, and so on), fostering renewal and reformation when necessary.
Serious doubts affirm faith’s depths, not its absence. And so, we can see that our doubts are a dynamic pathway into authentic faith. Our doubts propel faith toward greater acceptance of God's ultimate purpose when we courageously accept our doubts and step-out in faith just the same. There is no living faith without accepting this risk. Unanswered prayer doesn't destroy our faith. James' execution doesn't negate the miraculous truth. It affirms that doubt is faith’s ally in the quest for meaning and understanding God's sovereign power. Our doubts are not fractures in our faith; they are the mortar that binds faith's foundations amid our human frailty. Both poles are indispensable for faith’s vitality.
Faith persists not despite the risk of disappointment but because of it. In this new age of information cynicism, and skepticism being elevated to quasi-divine power in Ai, it is critical that we embrace our doubts as the enemy embraces modern information manipulation to destroy our faith. In an era where Ai amplifies skepticism to near-mythic status, often portrayed as an infallible arbiter of truth, faith demands we harness doubt as a shield rather than let it become a weapon wielded against us.
Faith endures precisely through such risks, inviting courageous surrender to God’s will amid all the noise. Today algorithms curate realities, predict behaviors, and even simulate spiritual guidance; it can fabricate religious narratives, distort scriptures, or amplify anti-faith propaganda, subtly manipulating perceptions to stoke division or doubt. Ai excels at invisible manipulation, tailoring content to undermine Christian sentiment in specific groups while shielding others, echoing biblical warnings of deception in end times (2 Thessalonians 2:9-12). The enemy thrives on such tools, exploiting information overload to foster spiritual confusion.
In this race we are called to run. To have the courage to face our faith with and amid all its doubts. We integrate it as our courageous faith amid all the uncertainty, preventing faith from ossifying into defensiveness and orthodox Pharisaism. Embracing doubt means critically engaging manipulated information, not rejecting technology outright, but questioning it and its ultimate pretentious purposes. The Acts 12 church, praying persistently yet astonished at the outcome, even while being persecuted, remind us that faith flourishes in vulnerability, not immunity. They needed to answer the door when Peter knocked. Where would the church be if they didn't because they doubted the truth of what was at the door?
Caution:
In all this Ai confusion, one bulwark MUST NOT be allowed to be doubted or confused, and that is the authority of the Scriptures. The unassailable authority of Scripture stands as an immovable anchor, immune to algorithmic distortion or cultural erosion. It's not a finite organization like the human traditions that will try to influence the influence of the influencers. More likely they will cave to the Ai spiritual gurus manipulations, Scripture in fact suggests that is what exactly happens. In an age where AI can fabricate sermons, generate "prophetic" visions, or splice deepfakes of religious figures to sow discord, this one bulwark, Sola Scriptura, reminds us that God’s Word is "living and active" (Hebrews 4:12), not a malleable dataset that is determined by human councils or Ai priests.
In this race, courage isn’t doubt-free but a doubt-embraced surrendering to God’s sovereignty while resisting manipulation. Don't shy from the enemy's acts of temptation, face them with Scripture. Take the high, leave the low. Examine everything and keep what is good.
And Scripture remains our compass, our plumbline:
1 Thessalonians 5:21
"but test everything; hold fast what is good."
God’s Word pierces like a double-edged sword, discerning thoughts and intentions, far beyond any algorithm’s mimicry. Not passive resistance but active discernment is called for: facing the enemy’s temptations head-on, as Jesus did in the wilderness by wielding Scripture and in fasting and prayer. Refusing to let manipulation erode our surrender to God’s sovereignty.
Prayer:
Heavenly Father, in this age of shadows and simulations, grant us the courage to embrace our doubts as pathways to deeper trust in You. Anchor our hearts in Your unchanging Word, shielding us from deception’s grasp, and empower us to step boldly into Your will, where faith flourishes amid every risk.
Through Christ's Holy name, Amen.